Realtime Shader Editors For Mac

Description of AlphaRay Shader for Mac AlphaRayShader is the Plug-in Software for Adobe Photoshop that makes 3D image from 2D image. AlphaRay-Shader can process the 3D image as easy as making 2D images.

You can express the 2.5D images with Adobe Photoshop and AlphaRay-Shader. You is able to give the 3D effects to 2D images instantly by AlphaRay-Shader without 3D image tool.

To represent real 3D graphics in Adobe Photoshop When you use the AlphaRay-Shader, you do not need the exclusive 3D image tool to give the 3D effects to 2D images. You can make the 3D graphic objects instinctively without knowledge of the 3D image tool. AlphaRay Shader for Mac 1.01 Download Tags: Files32.com collects software information directly from original developers using software submission form. Sometimes it can happen that software data are not complete or are outdated. You should confirm all information before relying on it. Using crack, serial number, registration code, keygen and other warez or nulled soft is illegal (even downloading from torrent network) and could be considered as theft in your area. Files32 does not provide download link from Rapidshare, Yousendit, Mediafire, Filefactory and other Free file hosting service also.

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Motivation and Problem The introduction of finally lets web developers create and share shaders, textures, models, and games in a portable way on the web. However, tools for inspecting, understanding, and debugging WebGL content lag far behind the capabilities of other web content. For web content such as JavaScript, major browsers have built-in developer tools that let web developers step through JavaScript code line by line and observe how variables that are local to a line change over time.

However, stepping through shaders is not possible. This is because shaders are a black box: all we can find out with current tools is what inputs go in (textures, varying and uniforms, coordinates) and what outputs come out (color, vertices). Thus, writing and debugging shaders is often perceived as an arcane and frustrating task driven by making blind guesses, tweaking the shader source, and trying again. Our vision is that shaders should be the easiest part of the graphics pipeline to debug and understand.

If a developer wants to know how a pixel was modified by a shader, she should be able to click on the output pixel for a specific frame and see how it is arrived at. It should be straightforward to see how textures are sampled, view shader uniforms and interpolated inputs, and inspect a variable’s runtime values at any program point. She should be able to step through execution to understand control flow. Lastly, it should be simple for her to visualize intermediate runtime states for specific pixels, all pixels within a frames, or over time. We propose to design and implement a GLSL shader simulator as the key technology to enable these debugging tools for WebGL. Since shader programs run on the GPU, there is no way to pause execution or inspect runtime values in the conventional sense. To obtain this information, we can instead simulate the shader’s execution with a specific set of inputs (exploiting the determinism of shader programs).

Runtime data that’s needed by debugging affordances can then be regenerated on­-demand by running the shader simulator with the necessary inputs. These inputs (uniforms, varying, glPosition, textures, etc.) are easy to instrument in modern WebGL implementations. Since shaders are short and must run quickly on hardware, this runtime data can be produced with low latency during debugging sessions. Related Work The most common debugging method is “printf­-style” debugging, where the state to inspect is encoded as a color and assigned to glFragColor, then later visualized. This has serious limitations, such as supporting only a vec3 of debug output per shader. However, it can run on the GPU and is portable. Is the original software ­based graphics stack (C/C).

It has a full parser, optimizer, and software interpreter for GLSL and ARB assembly code., and allow uniforms, textures, etc to be edited in real­time, but can’t inspect internal shader state. The paper proposes to extend printf debugging for two purposes: to simulate stepping through a shader for the full screen, and stepping through control flow for a specific pixel. They use rewriting techniques to save intermediate values, assign to glFragColor/ glPosition, then return early.

And offer a full stepping debugger for shaders, implemented using proprietary hooks in their drivers to get data. uses a similar “printf­-like” instrumentation technique to dump intermediate shader runtime values by running the modified shader on the GPU. It cannot do stepping, however. Design Considerations We envision glsl-simulator as one piece of a larger debugging story provided by other tools.

To this end, we enumerate some of the relevant design constraints and considerations. Simulator Extent We aim to simulate the execution of vertex and fragment shaders (and their interconnection via rasterization), but not other such as GL calls to manipulate texture or render state, nor that require access to the framebuffer and GL state machine. Our rationale is that GL calls are already traced and replayed by debugging tools, while GLSL execution is not. Per-fragment operations such as alpha blending, culling, scissor test, etc can be supported by debuggers by appending post-processing shaders that simulate these hardware-implemented operations. Lastly, it is feasible to simulate GLSL programs in isolation: the shader program's inputs (textures, uniforms, attributes, etc) can be easily taken from captured GL call traces and rendered frames. Intended Use Cases We want to support understanding unfamiliar shader programs and debugging catastrophic shader failures (i.e., all pixels rendered black).

Both use cases require the ability to inspect arbitrary runtime state at any program point. Less important is the goal of exact simulation: smaller rendering differences (i.e. Antialiasing, rasterization, blending) may be useful to point out, but graphics programmers don't expect pixel-perfect results (different graphics hardware produces different results already!). The main value proposition of a simulator is that it can provide insight into control flow and intermediate runtime states.

Embedding a Simulator We assume that any developer tool which embeds the simulator will want access to semantic information such as types of expressions, line and column numbers, and so on. Embedders should be able reconstruct shader control flow, and insert logging code before and after specific statements or expressions. Unlike traditional debuggers, we do not plan to support pausing the simulator's execution at arbitrary statements; instead, the embedder will be able to present a 'paused' line in the user interface, while repeatedly re-simulating the shader with different debugger hooks to obtain the necessary data. For example, if a user steps from one statement to the next statement, the embedder will move its debugger hooks for local variable values to be triggered on the next line. Approach To implement a GLSL simulator in JavaScript, we implemented a source-to-source translator that converts a GLSL program to a similar JavaScript program. For our initial prototype, the translation between GLSL and JavaScript is intentionally simple so that we are able to build a fully-functional compiler and runtime during the compressed time scale of our course project. Generated JavaScript programs rely on runtime.js, a collection of GLSL builtin function and data types reimplemented in JavaScript.

Lexing and Parsing The simulator uses a GLSL lexer and parser implemented in JavaScript. Initially, we tried using an (external) handwritten and, but they were hard to get running and thus unsuitable for rapid prototyping. Instead, we used a from Google's. When fed to a parser generator like, this grammar produces a GLSL parser in JavaScript. (Parsing expression grammars, the particular grammar class that we use, combines lexical and syntactic analysis into one pass, so there is only one piece to use.) Semantic Analysis The simulator performs very basic semantic analysis to disambiguate user-defined and built-in function calls, and extract input/output variables for displaying in the demo user interface.

In future work, typechecking would be performed at this point. Code Generation Given an abstract syntax tree (AST) of the GLSL code, the simulator generates a JavaScript equivalent by walking over the tree and creating a big string. Since the simulator does not perform any sophisticated restructuring or optimization, this code generation pass resembles a pretty-printing routine.

Special flags on the shader can control some code generator behaviors, such as emitting extra debug information or logging hooks. The interesting parts of the code generator involve special treatment of shader variables (uniforms, varyings, attributes) versus local variables; user-defined versus built-in functions; and translating GLSL selectors such as arr0.zyx into runtime library calls. For each builtin function and operator, we emit a call such as 'RT.divide(a, b)' rather than using builtin JavaScript operators. This is necessary because without typechecking, the code generator does not know the types of 'a' or 'b'. Instead, the implementation of 'RT.divide' checks the type of its arguments at runtime and decide whether to perform a scalar, vector, or matrix divide operation. Runtime Library We implement GLSL built-in functions and GLSL bulit-in types (, ) by following. Built-in functions are mostly mathematics such as angle functions, exponential functions, computing minimums and maximums, and computing directions of reflections and refractions.

Implementing the mathematics aspects of built-in functions is straight forward. Implementing built-in types (vectors and matrices) involves implementing basic operations on these types such as product, dot product, divide, etc. Which is also straight forward. We create a simple to make sure that we are doing what we expected. The biggest challenge in implementing built-in functions and types is that we need to typecheck the inputs all the time.

As we previously mentioned, this is because we didn't typecheck during semantic analysis. For example, in computing min(x, y), we check whether x and y are numbers or vectors. If they are vectors, we need to check whether they are of the same dimension. If not, we throw an error; otherwise we do an element-wise min operation on each element of the vector. Typechecking at runtime makes our already slow simulator even slower.

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A second challenge is writing constructors of vectors and matrices since they can be constructed in various ways. For example, a vector can be constructed by 1) an existing vector of the same, higher, or lower dimension, 2) a set of numbers, or 3) a mix of vectors and numbers.

As there is no overloading in JavaScript, we write a single constructor function for each kind of vector, and typecheck the inputs to the constructor. Based on the types of the inputs, we decide on which actual constructor to call.

Similar issues happen to matrice which are more complex since matrices have many more ways of being constructed. In addition to GLSL built-in functions and types, we write another two auxiliary runtime libraries,.

Access.js exhaustively implements all the ways that vectors and matrices can be accessed. For example, accessing a vector (v) can be done by v.xz which returns a vector whose first element is the first element of v (v0) and whose second element is the third element of v (v2); accessing a matrix (m) can be done by m1.xy which returns a vector whose first element is m10 and whose second element is m11. We summarize the ways that vectors and matrices can be accessed (gets and sets) on.

Ops.js is needed because there is no typechecking during semantic analysis and because there is no operator overloading in JavaScript. For example, in translating x. y, we don't know the type of x and y. If they are numbers, we can translate them into x. y directly; otherwise, we need to call built-in functions Runtime.multiply(x, y) since we are not able to overload the (.) operation.

What we end up with is to wrap both the (.) operation and the Runtime.multiply into a function which typechecks the inputs and call the appropriate functions respectively. In summary, we have built all the built-in functions and types in order to make our simulator work.

But the runtime library could be more efficient given more time to implement another set of design decisions. Running the Simulator The simulator has a few important objects: a Shader (vertex or fragment), a Program (consisting of one vertex and one fragment shader), and an Environment. The environment serves as a container for shader inputs (attributes, uniforms, varyings) and outputs (varyings, builtin variables). The program is the main entry point for execution.

It supports single (vertex, fragment) shader execution and mass fragment shader execution over an image buffer. We briefly describe the inputs and the outputs on. IGlobalTime is the current timestamp relative to the start time, iMouse is the relative position(coordinates) of the mouse, and iResolution decides the size of the outputs. The inputs suggest that the output is varying depending on the current time, and mouse position. For controlled debugging, we allow to inspect results based on fixed inputs. The output is basically glFragCoord which represents pixels of output image. We allow inspecting one pixel as you mouse over it.

Variables that start with gl are builtin inputs/outputs of GLSL shaders. Evaluation We have evaluated our GLSL simulator both quantitatively and qualitively. A user study would be ideal, but the implementations would require us lots of time.

Realtime Shader Editor For Macro

We have spent so much time on implementations, so we consider user studies as future work. What can the simulator simulate?

Our simulator can simulate any single frame of a single shader, which gives developers more control over potential factors that can cause bugs. To make sure that our simulator works for reasonably complex shaders, we pull a few shaders off from, a web site that provides sample fancy shaders. We see that our simulator produces similar results to results on the web site. We will discuss the difference between our simulator's results and expected results and why later. Can we get intermediate states?

Stepping through and watching variable changes have been implemented in many programming languages, and have been verified as one of the most effective ways for debugging. However, they are not possible in the GLSL shader language running inside browsers. We provide a that shows how our simulator allows stepping through generated JavaScript by checking the 'Pause Inside Shader' box. This allows stepping through the generated JavaScript shader code line by line and watching how local variables and states change over time. Currently, we step through the JavaScript code, but it is not hard to map a line of JavaScript code back to the original GLSL shader code which is considered as future work. Currently, we rely on the browser's builtin stepping through features (e.g. Available at least in Chrome and Safari).

In the future, we plan to implement a general purpose instrumentation or logging APIs so as to enable debugging on older versions of browsers that don't provide stepping through functionalities. Are the computed results correct? Here, we discuss how our results can be different from the original GLSL shader's and why. A first reason that our results can be different is the difference in precision levels between GLSL shader language and JavaScript. GLSL shader language provides different precision levels for each variable.

For simplicity and performance purposes, we don't implement these precision levels in JavaScript. We reply on JavaScript to provide precision. However, JavaScript has known rounding issues. For example, 0.1. 0.2 will produce 0.00000004 instead of 0.02. There are certain ways to resolve the issues (e.g., using float32/float64, converting to and back from integers, etc.) which however will add more CPU cycles.

In addition, JavaScript sometimes coerces types in weird ways. For example, a = +a or a.= 1 will cast a to integer, which is different from what the GLSL shader language would produce. Another reason is that there are intentionally undefined behaviors in the GLSL shader language specification, for example, texture sampler results, antialiasing, and rasterization. For this reason, there is no way to make our results and GLSL shader language's results absolutely the same since GLSL shader language's results can be slight different for different runs. How fast is generated code? We evaluate the elapsed time and CPU time of generating the sample shader. We gauge the elapsed time by running our demo sampler (both vertex and fragment) on a Mac OS X machine with 2.7GHz processor and 16GB memory using Chrome browser Version 39.0.2171.71.

The elapsed times are 2.1s (10K pixels), 4.1s (20K pixels), and 8.3s (40K pixels). The elapsed times are almost linear to the amount of pixels, suggesting that the elapsed time spent on code generation is minimal compared to the amount of elapsed time spent on runtime.

We further gauge the breakdowns of CPU time spent on all the functions. We use Chrome's builtin CPU profiler to obtain this results. The sample shader spends 19.36% CPU time on constructing vectors, meaning that constructing vectors are the slowest part of our simulator. This is because the vector constructor implements typechecking and overloading, which can be done alternatively in the translation phase. In comparison, the sample shader spends 4.24% CPU time on clamp, 3.75% on multiply, and 3.65% on abs. While these numbers and the functions can be different depending on the shaders, their relative values suggest how slow one function is compared to each other. Discussion and Future Work While too slow to be useful in realistic scenarios, the initial simulator prototype answered several design questions.

The most important finding is that the GLSL language itself is relatively small and its semantics map cleanly to JavaScript code. While the initial prototype is too slow for realistic use cases, we have not found any serious roadblocks that would make it difficult to improve performance by using well-understood compiler and runtime optimizations. Using semantic information during generation The simulator prototype does not perform typechecking or other semantic analysis of the GLSL program, except for its inputs and outputs. The generated code does not change based on the types of expressions (i.e., vec3, mat4, or float). Thus, many slow runtime type checks and branches must be performed to compute the correct result. Since we can decide types at translation time, most of these can be omitted, thus removing most nonessential conditional branches from generated code.

Generating optimizable code Modern JavaScript runtimes employ extensive use of adaptive optimization techniques such as inline caches, JIT compilation, and separate compilation tiers. The prototype's naive translation reduces the effectiveness of these optimizations by using many function calls, conditional branches, and using weakly-typed variables and data types. By using semantic information and simplification techniques, a more sophisticated code generator could eliminate these sources of performance problems. For example, the generator can manually inline trivial builtin functions such as min, max, smoothstep, and vector distance to avoid function call overhead. Instead of using JavaScript's dynamically-sized and dynamically-typed Array data type, the simulator can use as backing stores for specific data types such as Float32, Uint8, and user-defined structs. (Typed arrays are already used by WebGL for performance reasons to store per-vertex attributes and other bulk structured data.) Testing simulator results Our prototype only has a few unit tests for the runtime.js library.

To improve performance and track feature completeness, glsl-simulator should have compilation/runtime benchmarks as well as a regression test suite. Correctness of semantic analysis, builtin operators and functions can by tested more systematically by using glsl-simulator as a backend option in the 's test harness. Conclusion In this project, we have designed and implemented a GLSL simulator that translates GLSL shader language into JavaScript so as to enable stepping through debugging. We have demonstrated that our GLSL simulator enables stepping through and produces reasonably similar results as GLSL shader language's. Our simulator is expensive (producing 40K pixels took 8 seconds) due to repeated typechecking in runtime for all pixels. Our main future work is to make our simulator more efficient by typechecking at translation phase, and by doing compiler friendly optimizations.

Appendix Slides: Code: Authors and Contributors Brian Burg Sophia Wang.